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Original Article
DOI: 10.13107/jcorth.2025.v10i01.703
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Vitamin D Deficiency and Surgical Outcome in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis in Low Socioeconomic Status in Rural India

Original Article | Volume 10 | Issue 1 | JCORTH Jan-Jun 2025 | Page 8-13 | Ujjwal Kanti Debnat [1], Shweta Bhyri [2], Biplab Maji [2], Alaaeldin Ahmad [2], Shubhadip Chakraborty [1], Joydeep Das [1]. DOI: 10.13107/jcorth.2025.v10i01.703
Authors: Ujjwal Kanti Debnat [1], Shweta Bhyri [2], Biplab Maji [2], Alaaeldin Ahmad [2], Shubhadip Chakraborty [1], Joydeep Das [1]
[1] Department of Orthopaedics, Jagannath Gupta Institute of Medical Sciences (JIMSH), Budge Budge, Kolkata, India
[2] Department of Paediatrics, Jagannath Gupta Institute of Medical Sciences (JIMSH), Budge Budge, Kolkata, India
Address of Correspondence:
Dr. Ujjwal K Debnath,
Consultant, Orthopaedics & Spine Surgeon, Professor Department of Orthopaedics, Jagannath Gupta Institute of Medical Sciences (JIMSH), Budge Budge, Kolkata, India India.
E-mail: debs10uk@gmail.com
Article Received : 2025-02-13,
Article Accepted : 2025-03-15

Introduction: Patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) have a higher prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency compared with healthy peers. Hypothesis: Vitamin D deficiency in AIS patients does not have a good functional outcome after posterior instrumented corrective spinal fusion.

Materials and Methods: A prospective consecutive study of 62 children who underwent surgery for AIS had pre-operative measurement of Vitamin D levels [serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (ng/mL)]. Post-operative AIS patients were followed up for 2 years after surgery. Data on the history of back pain, socioeconomic status, curve magnitude, age, and gender were recorded. Patients were categorized based on Vitamin D level: deficient (<20 ng/mL), insufficient (20–29 ng/mL), or sufficient (≥30 ng/mL). The correlation between Vitamin D levels and Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-22 scores was analyzed using multivariable analysis and pair-wise comparisons using Tukey method.

Results: Sixty-two AIS patients (47 Females and 15 Males) were enrolled who underwent posterior instrumented spine fusion. The mean age at surgery was 15.24 ± 4.5 years. Major coronal curves had a mean of 68.08 ± 12° preoperatively and 12.19 ± 4.2° postoperatively. It was found that 35 (56.45%) of patients were Vitamin D deficient, 23 (37.09%) were insufficient, and 4 (6.45%) were sufficient. Although there was no correlation between Vitamin D level and pain, mental health, or satisfaction domains (P > 0.05), Vitamin D-deficient patients were found to be younger than 18 years of age (P < 0.001) and had lower SRS-22 function (P = 0.010), Self-image (P = 0.049), and total scores (P = 0.007).

Conclusion: AIS patients with Vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) are more likely to be younger at the time of surgery, and report lower function, self-image, and total SRS-22 scores postoperatively.

Keywords: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, Posterior Spinal Fusion, Vitamin D Deficiency.

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How to Cite This Article: Debnat UK, Bhyri S, Maji B, Ahmad A, Chakraborty S, Das J. Vitamin D Deficiency and Surgical Outcome in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis in Low Socioeconomic Status in Rural India. Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics 2025 June, 10(06): 8-13.